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.NET 8 Keyed Dependency Injection

Posted on by Pablo Francesco

Keyed dependency injection is an important feature in the.NET ecosystem since it allows developers to resolve services based on a given key. Introduced in.NET 8, this feature improves flexibility and simplifies cases requiring several implementations of the same service interface. Let’s take a closer look at keyed dependency injection and how it’s done in.NET 8.

What is Keyed Dependency Injection?

Keyed dependency injection is an important feature in the.NET ecosystem since it allows developers to resolve services based on a given key. Introduced in.NET 8, this feature improves flexibility and simplifies cases requiring several implementations of the same service interface. Let’s take a closer look at keyed dependency injection and how it’s done in.NET 8.

Usage Restriction

This feature is currently only available in Windows and not in Mac. This functionality comes with.NET 8, which Visual Studio for MacOS does not currently support. So, while you can install.NET 8 on macOS, you will not be able to utilize it in Visual Studio for Mac.

.NET 8 implementation

Let’s look at a simple example using.NET 8 and C#. Assume we have an IStorage interface that represents various storage implementations.

public interface IStorage
{
    void StoreData(string data);
}

Now, let’s create two concrete implementations of this interface—LocalStorage and CloudStorage.

public class LocalStorage : IStorage
{
    public void StoreData(string data)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("Storing data locally: " + data);
    }
}

public class CloudStorage : IStorage
{
    public void StoreData(string data)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("Storing data in the cloud: " + data);
    }
}

Next, register these implementations with keyed services using IServiceCollection in the Startup.cs file.

public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
    services.AddSingleton<IStorage>("local", new LocalStorage());
    services.AddSingleton<IStorage>("cloud", new CloudStorage());
}

Now, to resolve these services based on keys, you can use the IServiceProvider in your application.

public class DataProcessor
{
    private readonly IServiceProvider _serviceProvider;

    public DataProcessor(IServiceProvider serviceProvider)
    {
        _serviceProvider = serviceProvider;
    }

    public void ProcessData(string data, string storageType)
    {
        var storage = _serviceProvider.GetRequiredService<IStorage>(storageType);
        storage.StoreData(data);
    }
}

In this example, the DataProcessor class takes in the IServiceProvider in its constructor, allowing it to resolve the IStorage service based on the provided key (storageType) using GetRequiredService<T>.

Finally, in your application logic, you can use DataProcessor to process data and specify the storage type.

public static void Main(string[] args)
{
    var serviceProvider = new ServiceCollection()
        .AddSingleton<DataProcessor>()
        .BuildServiceProvider();

    var dataProcessor = serviceProvider.GetRequiredService<DataProcessor>();

    // Process data using local storage
    dataProcessor.ProcessData("Sample data", "local");

    // Process data using cloud storage
    dataProcessor.ProcessData("Sensitive data", "cloud");
}

Conclusion

Keyed dependency injection in.NET 8 provides a robust approach for managing and resolving various implementations of an interface. It enables developers to select a certain implementation based on a specified key, allowing for more flexible and efficient application design. This feature dramatically improves the adaptability of dependency injection in.NET, making it a vital addition to any.NET developer’s toolkit.

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